Effect of fenofibrate on the expression of miR-26a-5p/PTEN in retinal neurons of diabetic mice / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To study the protective effect of fenofibrate on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration and observe its effect on miR-26a-5p and its target gene PTEN in the retinal of diabetic mice.METHODS: Diabetic mice models were established and they were gavaged by fenofibrate. H& E staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the impairments of retinal neurons. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-26a-5p, and Western blotting was employed to measure the expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)in the retina of diabetic mice. The expression level of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB), interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and the morphology of neural tissues were observed.RESULTS: When compared with the diabetic mice, fenofibrate significantly attenuated the damage to retinal ganglion cells and the atrophy of retinal nerve fiber layer. While the level of miR-26a-5p was increased and the levels of PTEN and inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased in the retina of fenofibrate treated diabetic mice, with significant statistical significance(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Fenofibrate protects against diabetic retinal neurodegeneration by upregulating miR-26a-5p and inhibiting PTEN, attenuating the inflammatory response and alleviating retinal cell injury.

Research progress in the effects of intraocular pressure-lowering drugs on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that affects the retinal ganglion cells, characterized by optic disc atrophy, visual field defects, and visual acuity loss. Since glaucoma is a chronic disease, long-term use of topical intraocular pressure-lowering medications often leads to ocular surface diseases, thus reducing medication adherence and ultimately affecting treatment efficacy. Currently, topical intraocular pressure-lowering medications include prostaglandin derivatives, β-adrenergic blockers, α-adrenergic agonists, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and cholinergic drugs. This article provides a comprehensive review of the effects and related mechanisms of these five antiglaucoma medications on the ocular surface of glaucoma patients and offers preventative measures for the protection of ocular surface in glaucoma patients.

High expression of VARS promotes the growth of multiple myeloma cells by causing imbalance in valine metabolism / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy occurring in middle and old age. MM is still an incurable disease due to its frequent recurrence and drug resistance. However, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Abnormal amino acid metabolism is one of the important characteristics of MM, and the important metabolic pathway of amino acids participates in protein synthesis as basic raw materials. Aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase (ARS) gene is a key regulatory gene in protein synthesis. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism for ARS, a key factor of amino acid metabolism, in regulating amino acid metabolism in MM and affecting MM growth.@*METHODS@#The corresponding gene number was combined with the gene expression profile GSE5900 dataset and GSE2658 dataset in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to standardize the gene expression data of ARS. GSEA_4.2.0 software was used to analyze the difference of gene enrichment between healthy donors (HD) and MM patients in GEO database. GraphPad Prism 7 was used to draw heat maps and perform data analysis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression model were used to analyze the expression of ARS gene and the prognosis of MM patients, respectively. Bone marrow samples from 7 newly diagnosed MM patients were collected, CD138+ and CD138- cells were obtained by using CD138 antibody magnetic beads, and the expression of ARS in MM clinical samples was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Human B lymphocyte GM12878 cells and human MM cell lines ARP1, NCI-H929, OCI-MY5, U266, RPMI 8266, OPM-2, JJN-3, KMS11, MM1.s cells were selected as the study objects. The expression of ARS in MM cell lines was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) lentiviruses were used to construct gene knock-out plasmids (VARS-sh group). No-load plasmids (scramble group) and gene knock-out plasmids (VARS-sh group) were transfected into HEK 293T cells with for virus packaging, respectively. Stable expression cell lines were established by infecting ARP1 and OCI-MY5 cells, and the effects of knockout valyl-tRNA synthetase (VARS) gene on proliferation and apoptosis of MM cells were detected by cell counting and flow cytometry, respectively. GEO data were divided into a high expression group and a low expression group according to the expression of VARS. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore the downstream pathways affected by VARS. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to detect the valine content in CD138+ cells and ARP1, OCI-MY5 cells and supernatant of knockdown VARS gene in bone marrow samples from patients, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Gene enrichment analysis showed that tRNA processing related genes were significantly enriched in MM compared with HD (P<0.0001). Further screening of tRNA processing-pathway related subsets revealed that cytoplasmic aminoacyl tRNA synthetase family genes were significantly enriched in MM (P<0.0001). The results of gene expression heat map showed that the ARS family genes except alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AARS), arginyl-tRNA synthetase (RARS), seryl-tRNA synthetase (SARS) in GEO data were highly expressed in MM (all P<0.01). With the development of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to MM, the gene expression level was increased gradually. Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis of survival results showed that there were significant differences in the prognosis of MM patients in methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MARS), asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NARS) and VARS between the high expression group and the low expression group (all P<0.05). Cox regression model multivariate analysis showed that the high expression of VARS was associated with abnormal overall survival time of MM (HR=1.83, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.06, P=0.021). The high expression of NARS (HR=0.90, 95% CI 0.34 to 2.38) and MARS (HR=1.59, 95% CI 0.73 to 3.50) had no effect on the overall survival time of MM patients (both P>0.05). Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that VARS, MARS and NARS were highly expressed in CD138+ MM cells and MM cell lines of clinical patients (all P<0.05). Cell counting and flow cytometry results showed that the proliferation of MM cells by knockout VARS was significantly inhibited (P<0.01), the proportion of apoptosis was significantly increased (P<0.05). Bioinformatics analysis showed that in addition to several pathways including the cell cycle regulated by VARS, the valine, leucine and isoleucine catabolic pathways were upregulated. Non-targeted metabolomics data showed reduced valine content in CD138+ tumor cells in MM patients compared to HD (P<0.05). HPLC results showed that compared with the scramble group, the intracellular and medium supernatant content of ARP1 cells and the medium supernatant of OCI-MY5 in the VARS-shRNA group was increased (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#MM patients with abnormal high expression of VARS have a poor prognosis. VARS promotes the malignant growth of MM cells by affecting the regulation of valine metabolism.

A cross-sectional study of enterovirus nucleic acid test with throat swabs for term late neonates during coronavirus disease 2019 / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the positive rate of enterovirus (EV) nucleic acid in throat swabs of term late neonates hospitalized during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the clinical characteristics of the neonates.@*METHODS@#A single-center cross-sectional study was performed on 611 term late infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal center from October 2020 to September 2021. Throat swabs were collected on admission for coxsackie A16 virus/EV71/EV universal nucleic acid testing. According to the results of EV nucleic acid test, the infants were divided into a positive EV nucleic acid group (8 infants) and a negative EV nucleic acid group (603 infants). Clinical features were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Among the 611 neonates, 8 tested positive for EV nucleic acid, with a positive rate of 13.1‰, among whom 7 were admitted from May to October. There was a significant difference in the proportion of infants contacting family members with respiratory infection symptoms before disease onset between the positive and negative EV nucleic acid groups (75.0% vs 10.9%, P<0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in demographic data, clinical symptoms, and laboratory test results (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a certain proportion of term late infants testing positive for EV nucleic acid in throat swabs during the COVID-19 epidemic, but the proportion is low. The clinical manifestations and laboratory test results of these infants are non-specific. Transmission among family members might be an important cause of neonatal EV infection.

Clinicopathological analysis of 105 patients with fibrous dysplasia of cranio-maxillofacial region / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of the different types of fibrous dysplasia (FD) of cranio-maxillofacial region, so as to provide a new reference for clinicians to treat these patients and make prognostic judgement.@*METHODS@#Clinical records, radiographic data and pathological information of 105 patients diagnosed with FD or McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) at the Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology from January 2013 to December 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into 4 groups: monostotic FDs, polyostotic FDs, MAS and a specific type called craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) limited in the craniofacial region. The clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and follow-up data of each type were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Of all the 105 patients, 46 were males and 59 were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1 ∶1.3. The onset age ranged from 0 to 56 years and the median age was 12 years. On the basis of different involvement conditions, 4 types were divided. The most common type was monostotic FDs (43 cases, 40.95%), including maxilla (29 cases), mandibular (12 cases) and zygoma (2 cases). 32 cases (30.48%) were diagnosed with polyostotic FDs, 7 cases (6.67%) were MAS, and 23 cases (21.90%) were CFDs confirmed by computed tomography (CT) analysis. CFD was clearly distinct from other types of FD, such as the patient gender and the serum alkaline phosphatase level in peripheral blood before operative surgery. The pathologic findings of various types FD were quite similar, whilst the predominant fibrous tissue hyperplasia could be observed in polyostotic FDs and MAS types.@*CONCLUSION@#The clinicopathologic features of FD in the cranio-maxillofacial region are different from the FD lesions in other parts of the body. The clinicopathological features of CFD are significantly different from those of monostotic and polyostotic FDs in the cranio-maxillofacial region. Therefore, the clinicians should pay attention to distinguish CFD in clinic, imaging and pathology aspects, so as to further clarify its features in clinic management and prognosis.

Rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction with acupuncture and moxibustion based on data mining technology / 中国针灸

Data mining technology was adopted to analyze the rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction with acupuncture and moxibustion. All of the articles for acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of erectile dysfunction were searched from the databases, i.e. Chinese national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP, Chinese biomedical literature database (SinoMed) and PubMed, and the clinical trials on erectile dysfunction treated with acupuncture and moxibustion were screened. The database was set up by using Excel 2019 and input into R 4.0.3, and then, the therapeutic method, use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, collection visualization analysis, cluster analysis and association rule analysis were summarized. A total of 240 articles were included, with 516 prescriptions and 145 acupoints involved. The methods for treatment of erectile dysfunction included acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acupuncture, acupoint injection, electroacupuncture, etc. The acupoints with high use frequency were Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Mingmen (GV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongji (CV 3), Ciliao (BL 32), Qihai (CV 6), Taixi (KI 3) and Taichong (LR 3). The meridians involved with high frequency were the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang, the conception vessel, the spleen meridian of foot-taiyin, etc. The common acupoint combination was Shangliao (BL 31), Zhongliao (BL 33), Ciliao (BL 32), Xialiao (BL 34) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenshu (BL 23), Guanyuan (CV 4). In association rule analysis (confidence ≥ 90%, support ≥ 20%), there were 27 association rules in total. The acupoint combination with the highest support referred to "Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (support 46.7%) and the acupoint combination with the highest confidence was "Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Qihai (CV 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (confidence 98.0%). The acupoints could be divided into 5 effective clusters. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy has a certain of rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction, which provides the evidences for modern clinical trial and treatment.

Clinical analysis of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in 109 patients living at high altitude / 中国基层医药

Objective:To analyze the risk factors and characteristics of nonsyndromic clef lip and palate living at high altitude, providing evidence for preventing cleft lip and palate.Methods:The clinical data of 109 Tibetan patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate who received treatment in People's Hospital of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture between August 2016 and August 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The 109 patients with cleft lip and palate were aged 4 months to 48 years. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.42∶1. The ratio of male to female patients with simple cleft lip was 1.40∶1. The ratio of male to female patients with cleft lip and palate was 1.71∶1. The ratio of male to female patients with simple cleft palate was 1.3∶1. The mothers of all patients did not undergo prenatal examination and did not take folic acid during pregnancy. Eight patients (7.3%) had a family genetic history of cleft lip and palate. Two patients (1.8%) had consanguineous marriage within three generations. Seven patients (6.4%) took drugs in the first three months of pregnancy. One patient (0.9%) had malnutrition during pregnancy. Among 65 patients (59.1%) had simple cleft lip, 48 patients (73.8%) had incomplete cleft lip. Among 25 patients (22.9%) had simple cleft palate, 14 patients (56.0%) had incomplete cleft palate. Nineteen patients (17.2%) had cleft lip and palate. The number of patients with unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate was greater than that of patients with bilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The number of patients with left cleft lip with or without cleft palate was greater than that of patients with right cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The ratio of the number of patients with unilateral cleft lip to the number of patients with bilateral cleft lip was 12∶1. The ratio of the number of patients with left cleft lip to the number of patients with right cleft lip was 1.9∶1. The ratio of the number of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate to the number of patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate was 5.3∶1. The ratio of the number of patients with left cleft lip and palate to the number of patients with right cleft lip and palate was 2.8∶1. Twelve patients (63.2%) had complete cleft palate.Conclusion:Popularizing knowledge of pregnancy health care and strengthening pre-pregnancy and during-pregnancy examination can reduce the incidence of cleft lip and palate.

Meta-analysis of macular microcirculation in patients with no diabetic retinopathy evaluated by OCTA / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: Meta-analysis was performed to systematically evaluate the macular vessel density(VD)and foveal avascular zone(FAZ)areas in patients with no diabetic retinopathy(NDR)by using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA). This study aimed to investigate the microcirculatory characteristics of the retina in the early stage of diabetes.METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched for publications from 1 January, 2011 to 5 January, 2021 on OCTA analysis of VD in different regions of the macular area in diabetic patients with NDR. Compare the differences in the superficial parafoveal VD(spafVD), superficial perifoveal VD(spefVD), deep parafoveal VD(dpafVD), deep perifoveal vessel density(dpefVD), superficial FAZ area and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)between NDR group and the normal control group(healthy population matched for the age at the same time and gender with patients in the NDR group).RESULTS: Thirteen publications with a total of 1 227 eyes(558 eyes in normal control group and 669 eyes in NDR group)were included in the study. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, NDR group displayed a significant decrease in spafVD(MD=-1.90, 95%CI: -2.43--1.37, P&#x003C;0.00001), spefVD(MD=-1.29, 95%CI: -2.14--0.44, P=0.003), dpafVD(MD=-2.18, 95%CI: -2.69--1.67, P&#x003C;0.00001)and dpefVD(MD=-2.37, 95%CI: -3.27--1.46, P&#x003C;0.00001), with a more significant reduction in dpefVD, and superficial FAZ area(MD=0.04, 95%CI: 0.03-0.06, P&#x003C;0.00001)was increased. There was no difference in BCVA(MD=0.00, 95%CI: -0.01-0.02, P=0.44)between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Capillary injury in the deep perifoveal region of the macular area is the earliest manifestation of retinal microcirculation disturbance in diabetic patients, and is also a key indicator for clinical follow-up of diabetic retinopathy.

The Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Combine Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML) combined with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria(PNH).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 13 AML combined with PNH patients treated in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2019 were collected and retrospective analyzed. The complete remission(CR) rate for induction chemotherapy was analyzed. The level of PNH@*RESULTS@#Among the 13 patients, 11 (84.6%) cases were CR after first induction chemotherapy. The median overall survival(OS) time was 17 months(0-30 months), the median progression-free survival(PFS) time was 16 months(2-26 months). There were no significant difference in the number of PNH@*CONCLUSION@#The patients of AML combined with PNH have higher CR rate after the first induction chemotherapy. The level of WBC and LDH at first diagnosed are the factors that affecting the OS of the patients. The OS of patients with WBC lower than 10×10

Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus phenytoin as second-line drugs for the treatment of children with convulsive status epilepticus: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam (LEV) versus phenytoin (PHT) as second-line drugs for the treatment of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children.@*METHODS@#English and Chinese electronic databases were searched for the randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of LEV and PHT as second-line drugs for the treatment of childhood CSE. RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis.@*RESULTS@#Seven studies with 1 434 children were included. The Meta analysis showed that compared with the PHT group, the LEV group achieved a significantly higher control rate of CSE (@*CONCLUSIONS@#LEV has a better clinical effect than PHT in the treatment of children with CSE and does not increase the incidence rate of adverse events.

Effect of Gaseous Pollutant Concentration on the Number of Daily Outpatient Visits for Acne in Lanzhou / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To determine the relationship between air pollutants [SO

Effects of HDAC4 on IL-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression regulated partially through the WNT3A/β-catenin pathway / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) regulates chondrocyte hypertrophy and bone formation. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of HDAC4 on Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β)-induced chondrocyte extracellular matrix degradation and whether it is regulated through the WNT family member 3A (WNT3A)/β-catenin signaling pathway.@*METHODS@#Primary chondrocytes (CC) and human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353 cells) were treated with IL-1β and the level of HDAC4 was assayed using Western blotting. Then, HDAC4 expression in the SW1353 cells was silenced using small interfering RNA to detect the effect of HDAC4 knockdown on the levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and MMP13 induced by IL-1β. After transfection with HDAC4 plasmids, the overexpression efficiency was examined using Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the levels of MMP3 and MMP13 were assayed using Western blotting. After incubation with IL-1β, the translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus was observed using immunofluorescence staining in SW1353 cells to investigate the activation of the WNT3A/β-catenin signaling pathway. Finally, treatment with WNT3A and transfection with glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) plasmids were assessed for their effects on HDAC4 levels using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#IL-1β downregulated HDAC4 levels in chondrocytes and SW1353 cells. Furthermore, HDAC4 knockdown increased the levels of MMP3 and MMP13, which contributed to the degradation of the extracellular matrix. Overexpression of HDAC4 inhibited IL-1β-induced increases in MMP3 and MMP13. IL-1β upregulated the levels of WNT3A, and WNT3A reduced HDAC4 levels in SW1353 cells. GSK-3β rescued IL-1β-induced downregulation of HDAC4 in SW1353 cells.@*CONCLUSION@#HDAC4 exerted an inhibitory effect on IL-1β-induced extracellular matrix degradation and was regulated partially by the WNT3A/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Biliary occlusive disease after liver transplantation with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography plus percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy ofendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) of biliary reunion in the treatment of biliary occlusion after liver transplantation.Methods:From May 2018 to August 2019, clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 9 patients with biliary tract occlusion after an initial liver transplantation. All of them underwent biliary reunion. An endoscopist performed ERCP while an interventional physician completed PTCD with bilateral guide wire under the same anesthetic period so that bilateral guide wire completed a reunion at biliary occlusion for re-opening biliary tract or establishing a new bile duct outflow path. Postoperative follow-ups were performed for observing the treatment outcomes and various factors of biliary stricture factors analyzed.Results:All of them received PTCD or T-tube sinus angiography and interventional treatment. The diagnosis of complete biliary occlusion was definite. After treatment, 7 cases of biliary tract reunion were successful. During operation, three reunion types of guide wire biliary, intestinal cavity and intra-abdominal cavity were employed. Two failed cases received continuous PTCD drainage after operation. The influencing factors of biliary tract stenosis were retrospectively analyzed after operation. Among them, there were non-anastomotic stenosis ( n=2), biliary leakage ( n=2) and anastomotic stenosis and long tortuous biliary tract ( n=5). Conclusions:Rapid, mini-invasive and safe, ERCP plus PTCD biliary tract reunion may be employed as a first choice for biliary occlusion after liver transplantation.

Relationship of big five personality traits, negative life events and suicide tendency in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship among five personality factors, negative life events and suicidal tendency of college students, so as to provide reference for college students' suicide prevention.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 885 college students in Xi'an city, Shaanxi province. A comprehensive college, a science and engineering college and a liberal arts college were selected respectively. Three questionnaires were applied to all subjects, including big five personality questionnaire, life event questionnaire and scale of adolescents' suicide tendency. Hierarchical regression model was adopted to analyzed the relationship of big five personality traits, negative life events and suicide tendency. Pearson correlation analysis and mediating effect test were conducted by using SPSS 20.0 software.Results:There was no significant interaction between gender and negative life events on suicidal tendency ( β=-0.03, t=-0.96, P>0.05). Conscientiousness( β=-0.12, t=-4.06, P<0.01), neuroticism ( β=0.24, t=7.54, P<0.01), agreeableness( β=-0.15, t=-3.65, P<0.01), extroversion ( β=-0.27, t=-8.56, P<0.01) and openness ( β=-0.12, t=-3.38, P<0.01)in Big Five personality had significant moderating effect on the relationship between negative life events and suicidal tendency. High conscientiousness, high agreeableness, high extroversion and high openness had protective effect on the relationship between negative life events and suicidal ideation. High neuroticism was a risk factor of the relationship between negative life events and suicidal tendency. Conclusion:The five factors of personality are closely related with negative life events and suicidal ideation. The five factors of personality can regulate the relationship between life events and suicidal tendency.

Effects of Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Atopic Dermatitis in Lanzhou / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the associations of PM

Effect of body mass index on the assisted reproductive outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of body mass index (BMI) on clinical pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during frozen-thawed embryo transfer.Methods:A total of 650 patients with PCOS who received routine in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment for frozen-thawed embryo transfer from June 2014 to June 2019 in Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics were retrospectively analyzed. According to BMI, PCOS patients were divided into group A (18.5≤BMI<23 kg/m 2, n=253), group B (23≤BMI<25 kg/m 2, n=167), and group C (BMI≥25 kg/m 2, n=230). The general information, clinical pregnancy outcomes, pregnancy complications, the incidence of macrosomia and low-birth-weight infants were compared in the three groups, and the influencing factors of neonatal birth weight were analyzed. Results:The embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate all showed downward trend with the increase of BMI, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The live birth rate in group C [47.0% (108/230)] was significantly lower than those in groups A and B, with statistical significance ( χ2 =7.43, P=0.024). The late miscarriage rate was higher in group C [9.4% (13/139)] than in groups A and B ( χ2 =7.66, P=0.022). The birth rates of macrosomia in groups B [22.2% (16/72)] and group C [21.1% (16/76)] were significantly higher than that in group A, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 =14.15, P=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of gestational diabetes between the three groups ( χ2 =3.81, P=0.149). The incidence of hypertension disorders complicating pregnancy increased with the increase of BMI, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Regression analysis showed that macrosomia was significantly associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weeks, and the risk of macrosomia increased by 15% (95% CI: 3%-28%) for every increase in maternal BMI. Conclusions:The embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and ongoing pregnancy rate of PCOS patients in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles show downward trend with the increase of BMI. Obese patients with PCOS have a significant increase in late miscarriage rate and a significant decrease in live birth rate. The incidence of hypertension disorders complicating pregnancy in PCOS patients in the obese group has an increasing trend, and the birth rate of macrosomia has increased significantly. Therefore, it is recommended that obese women with PCOS lose weight scientifically before pregnancy to improve pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Effects of Temperature on Outpatient Visits for Urticaria among Lanzhou Residents Based on Distributed Lag Non-linear Model / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the influence of temperature on the outpatient visits for urticaria in Lanzhou City and its hysteresis and to find out the sensitive populations by sex and age stratification.Methods We collected the urticaria outpatient data in three grade A class three hospitals as well as the meteorological data and air pollutant data in Lanzhou from January 2011 to December 2017.The distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM)was employed to analyze the influence of daily mean temperature on the outpatient visits for urticaria.Stratification analysis was performed for different age groups(0-14,15-59,≥60 years)and different sex populations.Results Temperature had a non-linear relationship with the outpatient visits for urticaria,and there existed hysteresis.During the research period,the average daily outpatient visits for urticaria at the three hospitals in Lanzhou was 25,ranging from 1 to 76.With the rise in the daily mean temperature within 0-10 ℃,the risk of outpatient visits for urticaria first increased and then decreased.When the daily mean temperature was 2 ℃,hysteresis occurred on the 18th day,and the relative risk(

Analysis of standardized training needs of new nurses in Yunnan Province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the standardized training needs of new nurses in Yunnan province and provide scientific basis for the formulation of standardized training programs for new nurses.Methods:From December 2019 to September 2020, nurses from all 5 provincial tertiary Class A hospitals in Yunnan Province were selected as the research objects. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 712 nurses selected by the convenience sampling method, among which 456 were new nurses and 256 were senior nurses. The questionnaire was designed by the research team based on the Training Outline for Newly Recruited Nurses, which mainly included three dimensions of knowledge, skills and attitude.Results:The total score of new nurses and senior nurses on standardized training requirements for new nurses were (575.32 ± 85.76) points and (583.16 ± 86.32) points, which were above the average level. There was no statistically significant difference between the scores of training theme needs of new nurses and those of senior nurses ( t value was -1.168, P>0.05). Conclusions:The total score of standardized training needs of new nurses is above the average level, and the demand for knowledge dimension in standardized training of new nurses is the strongest. It is suggested to develop a systematic and scientific standardized training plan for new nurses according to the training needs and training methods.

Identification of the iridoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd and its mechanism on renal fibrosis based on network pharmacology / 药学学报

To identify the composition of iridoids from Hedyotis diffusa Willd and explore the mechanism on its anti-renal fibrosis effect based on network pharmacology, LC-Q/TOF-MS (liquid chromatograpy-quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry) was used to analyze the iridoid ingredients and the related targets of renal fibrosis were obtained by DisGeNET database and MalaCards database. The potential targets were screened by SYBYL-X7.3 software. We then imported the identified ingredients and potential target genes into Cytoscape3.7.1 to construct the compound-target network and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, the gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the selected core genes were made to explore the mechanism of iridoids against renal fibrosis. There were 10 active iridoid compounds and 111 corresponding targets including dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1), heparanase (HPSE), human kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), moesin (MSN), etc. in compound-target network. The GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 211 GO entries. Twenty related signal pathways including Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, renal cell carcinoma signaling pathway, and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of tran-ions (Jak-STAT) signaling pathway were selected by KEGG enrichment analysis. We preliminarily investigated the mechanism of the iridoid compounds on renal fibrosis to provide guide information for the subsequent experimental research and clinical application.

Gradient boosting machine model in predicting the short-term clinical effects of PELD in treating lumbar disc herniation / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the prognostic effects of gradient boosting machine (GBM) model on the short-term effects of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.Methods:Clinical data and outcomes of 475 patients who underwent PELD surgery for single-segment lumbar disc herniation from October 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively collected. The lumbar JOA score was used as a reference for the evaluation of curative effects. The improvement rate ≥50% was considered as good curative effects, while <50% was considered as poor curative effects. GBM model and multivariate Logistic regression model were utilized to screen out the influencing factors of the short-term clinical effects of PELD. Prognostic models were established, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn and compared. Sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were compared to evaluate the predictive performance of GBM model.Results:A total of 395 patients were followed up effectively for 24 months. There were 347 patients (87.8%) with good curative effects. However, forty-eight patients (12.2%) had poor curative effects. There were statistically differences in the lumbar JOA score improvement rates between the groups in regards to age, location and type of herniated disc, degeneration level of intervertebral disc and facet joint in surgical segment, sagittal diameter of the protrusion and whether or not there was calcification, onset time to the surgery time period and degeneration level of intervertebral disc in adjacent segment ( P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that patients with age ≥60 [ OR=9.15, 95% CI(4.04, 20.73), P<0.001] and with larger sagittal diameter of the protrusion [ OR=1.37, 95% CI(1.18, 1.58), P<0.001] were more likely to have a poor prognosis. Patients with unilateral disc herniation had a better prognosis than the extreme lateral type [ OR=0.17, 95% CI(0.06, 0.55), P=0.003]. The prognoses of patients with grade Ⅲ intervertebral disc degeneration in surgical segment were worse than those with grade Ⅱ [ OR=0.17, 95% CI(0.04, 0.70), P=0.014]. The prognoses of patients with grade Ⅲ intervertebral disc degeneration in adjacent segment were worse than those with grade Ⅱ [ OR=0.29, 95% CI(0.10, 0.81), P=0.018]. The AUC predicted by GBM model was 0.92 [95% CI(0.77, 0.96)] with 93.46% sensitivity, 83.33% specificity and 0.77 Youden index. The above parameters were higher than those by the Logistic regression model. The predictive effects of the two models were both statistically significant ( P<0.001). The AUC values of the two models were also statistically significant ( Z=0.11, P<0.001). Conclusion:GBM model is better than multivariate logistic regression analysis model in predicting the short-term clinical effects of PELD in treating lumbar disc herniation.